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In the previous tutorial, I have explained the Serenity BDD with Cucumber for Web Application using Junit4. In this tutorial, I will explain the same Test Framework using Serenity, Cucumber6 and JUnit5. This tutorial gives a clear picture for the initial setup of a BDD Framework .

What is JUnit5?

JUnit 5 is composed of several different modules from three different sub-projects.

JUnit 5 = JUnit Platform + JUnit Jupiter + JUnit Vintage

The JUnit Platform serves as a foundation for launching testing frameworks on the JVM. It also defines the TestEngine API for developing a testing framework that runs on the platform.

JUnit Jupiter is the combination of the new programming model and extension model for writing tests and extensions in JUnit 5. The Jupiter sub-project provides a TestEngine for running Jupiter based tests on the platform.

JUnit Vintage provides a TestEngine for running JUnit 3 and JUnit 4 based tests on the platform. It requires JUnit 4.12 or later to be present on the class/module path.

JUnit5 is not completely integrated with Serenity with Cucumber. So, it is advisable to use jupiter-vintage-engine for the Cucumber TestRunner classes.

This framework consists of:-

  1. Serenity - 2.6.0
  2. Serenity Cucumber6 - 2.6.0
  3. Serenity Junit5 - 1.6.0
  4. JUnit Jupiter - 5.8.0
  5. JUnit Vintage - 5.8.0
  6. Java 11
  7. Maven – 3.8.1
  8. Selenium – 3.141.59
  9. Maven Compiler Plugin - 3.8.1
  10. Maven Surefire Plugin - 3.0.0-M5
  11. Maven FailSafe Plugin - 3.0.0-M5

Implementation Steps

  1. Download and Install Java on system
  2. Download and setup Eclipse IDE on system
  3. Setup Maven and create a new Maven Project
  4. Update Properties section in Maven pom.xml
  5. Add repositories and pluginRepository to Maven pom.xml
  6. Add Serenity, Serenity Cucumber and JUnit5 dependencies to POM.xml
  7. Update Build Section of pom.xml
  8. Create a feature file under src/test/resources
  9. Create the Step Definition class or Glue Code
  10. Create a Serenity-Cucumber Runner class
  11. Create serenity.conf file under src/test/resources
  12. Create serenity.properties file in the root of the project
  13. Run the tests from Command Line
  14. Serenity Report Generation - Index.html and Serenity-Summary.html

Step 1- Download and Install Java

Click here to know How to install Java.

Step 2 – Download and setup Eclipse IDE on system

The Eclipse IDE (integrated development environment) provides strong support for Java developer which is needed to write Java code. Click here to know How to install Eclipse.

Step 3 – Setup Maven and create a new Maven Project

Click here to know How to install Maven.

Click here to know How to create a Maven project

Below is the Maven project structure. Here,

Group Id – com.example
Artifact Id – SerenityCucumberJunit5Demo
Version – 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
Package – com. example. SerenityCucumberJunit5Demo

Step 4 - Update Properties section in Maven pom.xml

   <properties>         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>         <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>         <serenity.version>2.6.0</serenity.version>         <serenity.cucumber.version>2.6.0</serenity.cucumber.version>         <serenity.junit5.version>1.6.0</serenity.junit5.version>         <junit.jupiter.version>5.8.0</junit.jupiter.version>         <junit.vintage.version>5.8.0</junit.vintage.version>         <maven.compiler.plugin.version>3.8.1</maven.compiler.plugin.version>         <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>         <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>         <maven.surefire.plugin.version>3.0.0-M5</maven.surefire.plugin.version>         <maven.failsafe.plugin.version>3.0.0-M5</maven.failsafe.plugin.version>   </properties>

Step 5 - Add repositories and pluginRepository to Maven pom.xml

  <repositories>         <repository>             <snapshots>                 <enabled>false</enabled>             </snapshots>             <id>central</id>             <name>bintray</name>             <url>https://jcenter.bintray.com</url>         </repository>     </repositories>     <pluginRepositories>         <pluginRepository>             <snapshots>                 <enabled>false</enabled>             </snapshots>             <id>central</id>             <name>bintray-plugins</name>             <url>https://jcenter.bintray.com</url>         </pluginRepository>     </pluginRepositories>

Step 6 - Add Serenity, Serenity Cucumber and JUnit dependencies to POM.xml

 <dependencies>          <!-- JUnit 5 -->         <dependency>             <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>             <artifactId>junit-jupiter-engine</artifactId>             <version>${junit.jupiter.version}</version>             <scope>test</scope>         </dependency>          <dependency>             <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>             <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>             <version>${junit.vintage.version}</version>             <scope>test</scope>         </dependency>          <!-- Serenity -->          <dependency>             <groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>             <artifactId>serenity-core</artifactId>             <version>${serenity.version}</version>             <scope>test</scope>         </dependency>                   <dependency>             <groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>             <artifactId>serenity-cucumber6</artifactId>             <version>${serenity.cucumber.version}</version>             <scope>test</scope>         </dependency>                  <dependency>             <groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>             <artifactId>serenity-screenplay-webdriver</artifactId>             <version>${serenity.version}</version>             <scope>test</scope>         </dependency>                  <dependency>             <groupId>io.github.fabianlinz</groupId>             <artifactId>serenity-junit5</artifactId>             <version>${serenity.junit5.version}</version>        </dependency>              </dependencies>

SStep 7 - Update Build Section of pom.xml

 <build>         <plugins>             <plugin>                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                 <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${maven.surefire.plugin.version}</version>                 <configuration>                     <skip>true</skip>                 </configuration>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${maven.failsafe.plugin.version}</version>                 <configuration>                     <includes>                         <include>**/*.java</include>                     </includes>                     <parallel>methods</parallel>                     <useUnlimitedThreads>true</useUnlimitedThreads>                 </configuration>                 <executions>                     <execution>                         <goals>                             <goal>integration-test</goal>                             <goal>verify</goal>                         </goals>                     </execution>                 </executions>             </plugin>             <plugin>                 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>                 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>                 <version>${maven.compiler.plugin.version}</version>                 <configuration>                     <source>${maven.compiler.source}</source>                     <target>${maven.compiler.target}</target>                 </configuration>             </plugin>            <plugin>                <groupId>net.serenity-bdd.maven.plugins</groupId>                <artifactId>serenity-maven-plugin</artifactId>                <version>${serenity.version}</version>                <dependencies>                    <dependency>                        <groupId>net.serenity-bdd</groupId>                        <artifactId>serenity-single-page-report</artifactId>                        <version>${serenity.version}</version>                   </dependency>                                </dependencies>                <configuration>                    <tags>${tags}</tags>                    <reports>single-page-html</reports>                 </configuration>                <executions>                   <execution>                       <id>serenity-reports</id>                       <phase>post-integration-test</phase>                       <goals>                           <goal>aggregate</goal>                       </goals>                    </execution>                </executions>            </plugin>         </plugins>     </build> </project>

Step 8 - Create a feature file under src/test/resources

The purpose of the Feature keyword is to provide a high-level description of a software feature, and to group related scenarios. To know more about Feature file, please refer this tutorial.

 Feature: Login to HRM       @ValidCredentials    Scenario: Login with valid credentials         Given User is on Home page     When User enters username as "Admin"     And User enters password as "admin123"     Then User should be able to login successfully          @InValidCredentials         Scenario Outline: Login with invalid credentials         Given User is on Home page     When User enters username as '<username>'     And User enters password as '<password>'     Then User should be able to see error message '<errorMessage>'           Examples:     |username  |password  |errorMessage                    |     |admin     |admin     |Invalid credentials             |     |          |admin123  |Username cannot be empty        |      |Admin     |          |Password cannot be empty        |     |          |          |Username can be empty        |

Step 9 - Create the Step Definition class or Glue Code

A Step Definition is a Java method with an expression that links it to one or more Gherkin steps. When Cucumber executes a Gherkin step in a scenario, it will look for a matching step definition to execute. You can have all of your step definitions in one file, or in multiple files.

LoginPageDefinitions.java

 public class LoginPageDefinitions {  	@Steps 	StepLoginPage loginPage;  	@Steps 	StepDashboardPage dashPage;  	@Steps 	StepForgetPasswordPage forgetpasswordPage;  	@Given("User is on Home page") 	public void openApplication() { 		loginPage.open(); 	}  	@When("User enters username as {string}") 	public void enterUsername(String userName) { 		loginPage.inputUserName(userName); 	}  	@When("User enters password as {string}") 	public void enterPassword(String passWord) { 		loginPage.inputPassword(passWord);  		loginPage.clickLogin(); 	}  	@Then("User should be able to login successfully") 	public void clickOnLoginButton() { 		dashPage.loginVerify(); 	}  	@Then("User should be able to see error message {string}") 	public void unsucessfulLogin(String expectedErrorMessage) { 		String actualErrorMessage = loginPage.errorMessage(); 		assertEquals(expectedErrorMessage, actualErrorMessage); 	}  }

Assertions in JUnit-Vintage Engine are imported from below package:-

 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;

DashboardPageDefinitions.java

 public class DashboardPageDefinitions {  	@Steps 	StepDashboardPage dashPage;  	@Step 	public void verifyAdminLogin() { 		dashPage.loginVerify(); 	} }

The corresponding Test Step classes are - StepLoginPage.java and StepDashboardPage.java.

StepLoginPage.java

 public class StepLoginPage extends PageObject {  	@Step("Enter Username") 	public void inputUserName(String userName) { 		$(By.name("txtUsername")).sendKeys((userName)); 	}  	@Step("Enter Password") 	public void inputPassword(String passWord) { 		$(By.name("txtPassword")).sendKeys((passWord)); 	}  	@Step("Click Submit Button") 	public void clickLogin() { 		$(By.name("Submit")).click(); 	}  	@Step("Error Message on unsuccessful login") 	public String errorMessage() { 		String actualErrorMessage = $(By.id("spanMessage")).getText(); 		return actualErrorMessage; 	}  	@Step("Click Forget Password Link") 	public void clickForgetPasswordLink() { 		$(By.linkText("Forgot your password?")).click(); 	}  }

StepDashboardPage.java

 public class StepDashboardPage extends PageObject {  	@Step("Successful login") 	public void loginVerify() { 		String dashboardTitle = $(By.id("welcome")).getText(); 		assertThat(dashboardTitle, containsString("Welcome")); 	} }

Step 10 - Create a Serenity-Cucumber Runner class

Cucumber runs the feature files via JUnit, and needs a dedicated test runner class to actually run the feature files. When you run the tests with Serenity, you use the CucumberWithSerenity test runner. You also need to use the @CucumberOptions class to provide the root directory where the feature files can be found.

 import org.junit.runner.RunWith;  import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions; import net.serenitybdd.cucumber.CucumberWithSerenity;  @RunWith(CucumberWithSerenity.class) @CucumberOptions(plugin = {}, features = "src/test/resources/features/LoginPage.feature", glue = "com.example.SerenityCucumberJunit5Demo.definitions")  public class SerenityRunnerTest {  }

Step 11 - Create serenity.conf file under src/test/resources

The serenity configuration file is used to configure the drivers so the test cases can run successfully. This file contains an operating system specific binary. The binary file sits between your test and the browser. It acts as an intermediary, an interface between your tests and the browser you are using.

You can also configure the webdriver.base.url property for different environements in the serenity.conf configuration file.

 webdriver {     driver = firefox }  # # Define drivers for different platforms. Serenity will automatically pick the correct driver for the current platform #  environments {   default {     webdriver.base.url = "https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/"   }   dev {     webdriver.base.url = "https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/dev"   }   staging {     webdriver.base.url = "https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/staging"   }   prod {     webdriver.base.url = "https://opensource-demo.orangehrmlive.com/prod"   } }

Step 11 - Create serenity.properties file in the root of the project

 serenity.project.name = Serenity and Cucumber6 and JUnit5 Demo

Step 12 - Run the tests from Command Line

Open commandline and go to the location where pom.xml of the project is present and type the below command.

 mvn clean verify

Step 13 - Serenity Report Generation

Above it shows the execution status. There are 5 passed and 1 failed test case.

There are multiple type of reports are generated. We are interested in index.html and serenity-summary.html. To know more about Serenity Reports, please refer tutorials for Index.html and Serenity-Summary.html.

  1. index.html

2. serenity-summary.html

We are done! Congratulations on making it through this tutorial and hope you found it useful! Happy Learning!!

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